Decreased collagen production: Collagen is a protein that provides structural support to the skin. As we age, collagen production naturally declines, leading to a loss of skin firmness and elasticity.

​

Loss of subcutaneous fat: The fat pads beneath the skin diminish over time, particularly in the cheeks, temples, and under the eyes. This loss of fat can result in hollowed or sunken areas of the face, contributing to a gaunt or aged appearance.

​

​

Bone resorption: Bone density decreases with age, leading to changes in facial bone structure. As the bones of the face shrink or change shape, it can affect the overall volume and contours of the face.

​

​

Environmental factors: Exposure to factors such as sun damage, smoking, and pollution can accelerate the breakdown of collagen and elastin fibers in the skin, leading to premature volume loss and signs of aging.